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Waste ternary lithium battery recycling process (D2EHPA and P507 as extractant for black powder of ternary lithium battery)

&Pre-treatment stage:
Disassembly – Discharge – Crushing – Pyrolysis – Sorting

# Dismantling- firstly, the battery pack is dismantled into modules, due to the different

specificationsof the battery pack, at present, most of the enterprisesmainly dismantle

the battery pack manually, with a low degree of automation.

# Discharge: Since some power is still left in the waste battery, in order to ensure the

safety of recyclingproduction, it needs to be fully discharged before crushing.There are

mainly physical and chemical methods for safe discharge, the physical method is discharged

by means of external resistance; the chemical method is to release the residual electricity

through electrolysis of conductive solution, usually with NaCl solution as the auxiliary material.

Depending on the shape of the battery, the discharge method also varies. Smaller soft pack

batteries and cylindrical batteries usually use the chemical discharge method, while square

batteries mostly use the physical discharge method. The chemical method will produce sewage

and exhaust gas, the physical method can collect electrical energy (experimental stage),the

economy is better than the chemical method

#Crushing: usually using mechanical equipment to separate the electrode material from other

substances,due to the battery crushing process will produce heat release, so easy to burn,

explosion, so some companies use nitrogen in the crushing process to protect the crushing security

#Pyrolysis: use high temperature to burn off the electrolyte, diaphragm, binder and other organic

materials,the temperature of pyrolysis usually depends on the enterprise’s own ability to control

the temperature of the kiln, the higher the temperature the more conducive to the burning off of the

organic materials to enhance the recovery yield, but at the same time more than 700 ° C aluminum

will be directly and oxygen to occur in the thermal reaction of aluminum,resulting in safety accidents.

# Sorting: Use flotation, magnetic separation, gravity separation and other ways to sieveout aluminum,

copper,iron, graphite and other substances, to get black powder into the wet metallurgy stage for further

processing.

 

& Wet metallurgy stage :
Acid leaching–Demixing–Extraction  (In detail as follow picture 1)

#Acid leaching: two-step leaching method, the black powder and 98% concentrated sulfuric acid

according to a certain ratio of mixing, the use of hot steam heated to 50 ° C – 70 ° C, in order to

enhance the efficiency of the reaction, and at the same time to add H2O2 as a reductant, which can

enhance the effect of the leaching of metals.

#Removal of impurities: iron powder, Ca(OH)2, H2O2, NaOH, Na2CO3 and other auxiliary materials

need to be used to remove copper, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium and other impurities, to enhance

the product yield.

# Extraction: P204 and P507 are usually used to extract nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate,cobalt sulfate

solution,after which lithium carbonate is extracted by adjusting the PH value,carbonization and pyrolysis,

precipitation and other process steps.

 

  Picture 1

P204 And P507 For Ternary Lithuim Battery (black Powder)

 

 

 

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