Tri-alkyl Amine (TAA)

Properties

♦ Physical state:

Trialkyl amines are typically colorless liquids or solids at room temperature, depending on the

length and nature of the alkyl groups.

♦ Odor

Trialkyl amines often have a strong, fishy odor, especially in the case of lower alkyl chain lengths.

♦ Solubility

Trialkyl amines are generally soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and chloroform,

but their solubility in water varies depending on the alkyl groups. Smaller alkyl groups increase water

solubility, while larger alkyl groups decrease it.

♦ Basicity:

Trialkyl amines are weak bases and can undergo protonation reactions. The basicity of a trialkyl amine

depends on the alkyl groups and their electron-donating or -withdrawing nature. Generally, tertiary

amines (trialkyl amines with three alkyl groups) are more basic than secondary or primary amines.

♦ Reactivity:

Trialkyl amines can participate in a variety of chemical reactions. For example, they can undergo alkylation

reactions where the alkyl groups are modified or substituted. They can also react with acids to form salts,

and they can be oxidized to form amine oxides.

♦ Boiling point:

The boiling point of a trialkyl amine depends on the size and nature of the alkyl groups. Generally,

trialkyl amines with longer alkyl chains have higher boiling points due to increased intermolecular forces.

Applications

♦  Catalysts

Trialkyl amines are often used as catalysts in chemical reactions. They can facilitate reactions such as

esterification, transesterification, and Michael additions. Tertiary amines, in particular, are known for

their catalytic activity in various organic transformations.

♦ Pharmaceuticals

Trialkyl amines are used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. They can be used as building

blocks or intermediates in the production of drugs, such as antihistamines, antidepressants, antivirals,

and local anesthetics.

♦ Corrosion inhibitors

Trialkyl amines can be employed as corrosion inhibitors to protect metals from degradation caused by

exposure to corrosive environments. They form a protective layer on the metal surface, preventing or

reducing corrosion.

♦ Surfactants

Trialkyl amines can be used as surfactants, which are compounds that lower the surface tension between

two substances. They are utilized in various applications, including detergents, emulsifiers, fabric softeners,

and foaming agents.

♦ Polymer additives

Trialkyl amines can be incorporated into polymers as additives to enhance their properties. They can

improve the flexibility, adhesion, and thermal stability of polymers, making them suitable for applications

such as coatings, adhesives, and sealants.

♦ Gas treatment

Trialkyl amines are utilized in gas treatment processes, such as gas sweetening and carbon dioxide (CO2)

capture. They can absorb acidic gases, like hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and CO2, from natural gas or industrial

emissions, helping to purify the gas stream.

♦ Chemical synthesis

Trialkyl amines are versatile reagents in organic synthesis. They can participate in reactions like reductive

amination, acylation, and nucleophilic substitution, enabling the formation of various chemical compounds.

♦ Polymerization:

Trialkyl amines can act as initiators or co-catalysts in polymerization reactions. They can facilitate the

formation of polymers through processes such as radical polymerization or coordination polymerization.

Product Process

♦ Selection of starting materials

The primary step is to choose the appropriate primary or secondary amine, which will be alkylated to form

the desired trialkyl amine. The alkylating agent, such as an alkyl halide (e.g., alkyl bromide, alkyl chloride)

or an olefin (e.g., alkene), is also selected based on the desired alkyl groups to be incorporated.

♦ Alkylation reaction:

The alkylation reaction involves the reaction of the primary or secondary amine with the alkylating agent.

The reaction can be carried out under different conditions, such as in the presence of a solvent or a catalyst.

The reaction conditions may vary depending on the specific reactants and desired product.

♦ Purification:

After the alkylation reaction, the crude reaction mixture is typically purified to separate the desired

trialkyl amine from any unreacted starting materials or side products. Purification techniques such as

distillation, extraction, or chromatography may be employed to obtain a pure product.

♦ Characterization and analysis:

The synthesized trialkyl amine is characterized using various analytical techniques, such as spectroscopy

(e.g., NMR, IR) and chromatography (e.g., GC, HPLC) to confirm its identity and purity.

 

Inspection

♦ Inspection process

• Incoming inspection: The main raw materials,are inspected for their content, appearance and other

            main properties.

• Feeding inspection: the principle of raw material feeding is first-in-first-out, and the appearance of the

main raw materials is randomly inspected according to whether there is a big change in the storage

conditions before feeding.

• Batch sampling in the production process: During the production process, the main indexes of each batch

of products: content and acid value will be examined three times in different time periods.

• Storage Inspection: Each batch (4tons) is inspected before storage.

• Outbound inspection: According to the quantity demanded by customers, the products will be sampled

and inspected.

• Pre-shipment inspection: according to customer’s requirement, third party inspection can be carried

out on the products before shipment.

♦ Inspection Method

• Physical Appearance: Visual inspection

• Purity Analysis:Gas chromatography (GC)

• Acid Value:Potentiometric titration

• Water Content:Moisture analyzers

• Refractive Index:Refractometer

• Density:Density meter

Marking, packaging, shipping and storage

♦ Marking

Each batch of products should be accompanied by a certificate of conformity, including: the name of the

manufacturer, the name of the product, the production batch number, the net weight per barrel, the

quality level and the implementation of the standard number.weight, quality grade and implementation

standard number.

♦ Packing

Packed in clean and dry plastic drums, net weight 200±0.3kg per drum or 1000±0.5kg, compressed and

sealed after each batch.

♦ Transportation

This product is packed in plastic drums, during transportation and loading/unloading, it should be carefully

and gently put down, and prevent from impact.

♦ Storage

The storage place should be cool, dry and ventilated. Do fireproof and rainproof.